Statement by
The Honorable Eliuel K. Pretrick
Secretary (Minister) of Health,
Head of Federated States of Micronesia Delegation
at the
FOURTH UNITED NATIONS WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN
Beijing, China, September 4-15, 1995
Check Against Delivery
Madam President
Honorable Ministers
Distinguished Delegates
Ladies and gentlemen
I have the honor and privilege of speaking today on behalf of the Government of
the Federated States of Micronesia. I extend warm greetings from our President,
His Excellency Bailey Olter, and from the people of the Federated States of
Micronesia.
My delegation and I would like to express our Government's gratitude and
heartfelt appreciation to the Government and people of the People's Republic of
China for hosting this historical event and for the excellent arrangements to
make this a memorable conference experience.
Madam President,
My country is a small country comprised of over six hundred islands, but with a
mere 270 square miles of habitable land. These islands are scattered over an
ocean area of more than 1 million square miles. Separation by such a vast
expanse of water resulted in isolation and infrequent interaction between
Micronesian islands. Consequently each island state developed unique
traditions, customs and languages. Even in such a small country as mine these
differences have often meant that special thought and effort are required
before reaching a common plan of action or a consensus.
In the Federated States of Micronesia, women traditionally assumed the domestic
responsibilities, including child care, care for the elderly, and providing
support for the traditional extended families as well as the community in
general. Although these were designated specifically as women's
responsibilities, they were complimentary to the responsibilities of the men.
These complimentary gender roles dictated a mutual power sharing status between
women and men in family and community relationships.
Although women were accorded a mutual power-sharing status traditionally,
colonization and imported value-systems negated this prestigious position and
initiated the disempowerment and marginalization of women in our contemporary
society. This loss of power-sharing redefined the role and status of women from
being active and productive to being passive and reactive.
The Federated States of Micronesia has just begun to meet the challenges of
restoring women to a position of full and equal participation in all spheres of
life.
Madam President,
Like many countries represented at this Conference, my country's Constitution
provides for the protection of women's social, economic, cultural and legal
status. My country has laws which protect women from domestic violence, sexual
assault and other abuses. Thus, women in the FSM are guaranteed equal access to
basic socioeconomic services, full legal and political participation, and
partnership in policy and decision-making processes. This is a solid foundation
upon which to safeguard women's rights, but we must build upon these
protections to improve the life of women.
In 1992, the Federated States of Micronesia Government created the National
Women's Program consisting of the National Women Officer and the Nation Women's
Advisory Council. They advise the national government on women's rights and
promote the advancement of women. These are small but necessary steps to enable
women to achieve equal access and full participation in power structures and
decision-making.
Madam President,
Economically, women in the Federated States of Micronesia are considerably less
well represented in the paid workforce than men, and are generally in
lower-level, lower-paying jobs. Gradually, however, there has been an increase
in women's employment, particularly in the employment of married women. There
has also been an increase in the number of women running small businesses. This
is reflective not only of the expanded opportunities for employment, but also
denotes a change of attitude by and about women working outside their homes.
Madam President,
The recent transition from a traditional subsistence economy to a monetized
system has forced reevaluation of the role of women within our island
communities. Where once the necessity of a formal education by both men and
women was a low priority, the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia
now recognizes the urgency of developing its human resources to deal with the
introduction of modern ideas and opportunities. To this end our government made
primary education compulsory for all children irrespective of gender. In
addition, the government continues to provide opportunities and access to
higher education for all citizens on an equal basis.
But the efforts of the government to ensure access to education by women is met
at times with resistance by the traditional practitioners in our society. While
there are many factors contributing to this resistance, including the belief
that formal education does not prepare women for a productive married life and
its obligations, the Government has made serious efforts to educate traditional
communities with respect to the need of changing roles of women in a modern
context. We have seen an increase in the number of women seeking educational
opportunities both locally and abroad. This is welcomed since women cannot
become agents of change until they have access to education.
Madam President,
If women do not have access to, or cannot maintain their health, empowerment in
other areas will be for nothing. Health is not just the absence of disease, but
also requires a state of physical, social, mental and spiritual well-being. The
majority of women in the Federated States of Micronesia who use health services
do so, not because they are ill, but because the nature of their reproductive
and domestic roles and responsibilities require them to safeguard and protect
the health and well-being of their families.
These reproductive and domestic responsibilities have often had the effect,
however, of creating heavy workloads, malnutrition, illiteracy, and decreased
health status among both women and children. Education is required so that men
would learn to respect women's self determination and to share responsibility
with women in matters of sexuality and reproduction.
Women must be provided with access to family planning services during all
stages of pregnancy. Too many unmarried teenage pregnancies are occurring
because young women have limited access to family planning advice. Teenage
pregnancy is a major reason for girls dropping out of high school and college.
Teenage mothers are also likely to have low birth weight babies. Efforts are
being made to help women understand more about their reproductive health so
they can make the most informed decisions about their own reproduction. We
believe that healthy reproduction benefits the entire nation.
Madam President,
Having said this, the Federated States of Micronesia recognizes that
population, economics and the environment are interrelated and all have
consequences for women. Our annual population growth rate is over 3%. Care of
children, the sick and elderly is a responsibility that falls
disproportionately on women. This is especially true where, as in my country,
population growth exceeds economic growth. In a country of limited financial
and natural resources, environmental degradation has a direct impact on women.
Women's health and livelihood are threatened by pollution and depletion of
coastal and marine resources. Those most affected are women whose livelihood
and daily subsistence depends directly on sustainable ecosystems.
The Federated States of Micronesia is strongly committed to maintaining the
harmony which has always characterized our people's strong and healthy
relationship with the environment. We want to continue to live in a healthy
environment, and to be at peace with our neighbouring countries, and friends
from afar. My Delegation joins other speakers from the Pacific countries in
opposing further nuclear testing in the region, or in any other parts of the
world.
The whole world is moving in a direction where countries must also assume
responsibility for the waste they produce. We urge all countries to respect our
desire for a Nuclear Free region.
Madam President,
Today, my country is faced with the challenge of ensuring that its economic and
social development programs are sustainable. We must respond effectively and
equitably to the multiple social, economic, political and environmental needs
of our population, especially for women. In the Federated States of Micronesia
we believe that adequate education, sustainable economic and social
development, better health care, and a clean environment will contribute
towards a better quality of life for our people, especially women and
children.
Madam President,
I have briefly outlined some of the major obstacles facing the women of my
country We recognize the women of many countries represented here today have
vastly different problems which vary in both magnitude and type. My government
wishes to express its strong support for the safeguarding of women's human
rights throughout the world, and to encourage commitments from all Governments
for action to create a peaceful, developed and just world.
To this end, the Government of the Federated States of Micronesia is committed
to the goals of this Conference - Action for equality, development and peace.
The women of my country held their third national women's conference in June
1995 and discussed and deliberated on the 13 critical areas of concern in the
draft Platform for Action. I am happy to note that development priorities
include the following:
Mechanisms to be in place at all levels to mainstream women's concerns and
issues in all public policy matters;
Participation of women in the economic and especially political arena;
Greater public awareness of human rights instruments;
Women's involvement in the formulation of a national population policy.
I am also happy to report that in his June 1995 inaugural address, President
Olter named the inclusion of women in our nation-building efforts and the
adoption of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination
Against Women (CEDAW) as a priority. CEDAW is currently being debated in
Congress, and women have taken an active role in arguing for its adoption as an
essential tool for social progress and equality.
I mentioned at the outset that although we are a small country, there are many
unique traditions, customs and languages within the country.
Madam President,
Let me offer my island country as a metaphor for this gathering and offer this
quotation from the preamble to our Constitution, and I quote:
"We affirm our common wish to live together in peace and harmony, to preserve
the heritage of the past, and to protect the promise of the future. To make one
nation of many islands, we respect the diversity of our cultures. Our
differences enrich us. The seas bring us together, they do not separate us, our
islands sustain us, our island nation enlarges us and makes us stronger."
I appeal to all delegations to make one nation of many nations. A nation that
will live together in peace and harmony and protect the promise of our future
by ensuring equal rights, equitable sharing of responsibilities, opportunities
and harmonious partnership between women and men.
In closing, I would like to express my delegation's warm appreciation to the
People's Republic of China for the excellent facilities and arrangements, and
for the warm hospitality and courtesies extended to my delegation.
Thank you.
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